Multi-Scale Attributed Node Embedding

Benedek Rozemberczki, Carl Allen, Rik Sarkar

Main figure for Multi-Scale Attributed Node Embedding

Abstract

We present network embedding algorithms that capture information about a node from the local distribution over node attributes around it, as observed over random walks following an approach similar to Skip-gram. Observations from neighborhoods of different sizes are either pooled (AE) or encoded distinctly in a multi-scale approach (MUSAE). Capturing attribute-neighborhood relationships over multiple scales is useful for a range of applications, including latent feature identification across disconnected networks with similar features. We prove theoretically that matrices of node-feature pointwise mutual information are implicitly factorized by the embeddings. Experiments show that our algorithms are computationally efficient and outperform comparable models on social networks and web graphs. node embedding, node classification, attributed network, dimensionality reduction.

Benchmark Results

Tested on 3 datasets Non-standard metric on 3 datasets

Tables show presented results in global context (best 3 papers + GCN + MLP).

Classic

Cora

Global leaderboard →
Non-default metric. This paper reports F1; the dataset default is Accuracy. Values below use F1 only.

Sorted by F1. Highlighted rows are from other papers.

#ModelF1 ↑Paper
1
ACM-GCN
0.8894 ±0.0054
2
APPNP
0.8880 ±0.0010
This paper
3
GraphSAGE
0.8810 ±0.0010
This paper
6
GCN
0.8790 ±0.0010
This paper
7
SGCONV
0.8780 ±0.0020
This paper
11
GAT
0.8670 ±0.0020
This paper
13
MixHop
0.8590 ±0.0010
This paper
14
GIN
0.8537 ±0.0074
17
MUSAE-EGO
0.8490 ±0.0040
This paper
18
MUSAE
0.8480 ±0.0040
This paper
19
ClusterGCN
0.8450 ±0.0010
This paper
20
Walklets
0.8430 ±0.0030
This paper
21
Node2Vec
0.8400 ±0.0030
This paper
22
AE
0.8350 ±0.0050
This paper
23
AE-EGO
0.8350 ±0.0060
This paper
24
DeepWalk
0.8330 ±0.0040
This paper
25
ASNE
0.8300 ±0.0030
This paper
26
TENE
0.8290 ±0.0050
This paper
28
TADW
0.8190 ±0.0040
This paper
30
BANE
0.8070 ±0.0050
This paper
37
AANE
0.7930 ±0.0010
This paper
38
LINE2
0.7770 ±0.0040
This paper
39
NetMF
0.7480 ±0.0020
This paper
40
GraRep
0.7320 ±0.0020
This paper
41
HOPE
0.7160 ±0.0020
This paper
43
MLP
0.6570 ±0.0190

CiteSeer

Global leaderboard →
Non-default metric. This paper reports F1; the dataset default is Accuracy. Values below use F1 only.

Sorted by F1. Highlighted rows are from other papers.

#ModelF1 ↑Paper
1
MixHop
0.7800 ±0.0010
This paper
2
SGCONV
0.7630 ±0.0020
This paper
3
APPNP
0.7540 ±0.0010
This paper
4
GraphSAGE
0.7470 ±0.0010
This paper
5
GAT
actual #5 vs paper #9 4 places worse
0.7460 ±0.0060
best reported
actual #5 vs paper #9 4 places worse
paper 0.7400 ±0.0010
best today: Graph Unlearning (2021)

Difference within reported uncertainty; not counted as underperformance.

paper 0.7400 ±0.0010 Δ today 0.0060
8
MUSAE
0.7420 ±0.0040
This paper
7
GCN
0.7420 ±0.0010
This paper
9
MUSAE-EGO
0.7410 ±0.0040
This paper
11
AE
0.7390 ±0.0050
This paper
12
AE-EGO
0.7390 ±0.0050
This paper
10
GIN
0.7390 ±0.0200
13
ClusterGCN
0.7370 ±0.0010
This paper
14
TADW
0.7340 ±0.0040
This paper
15
AANE
0.7330 ±0.0040
This paper
17
ASNE
0.7180 ±0.0040
This paper
19
BANE
0.7130 ±0.0030
This paper
25
TENE
0.6810 ±0.0030
This paper
28
GraRep
0.6370 ±0.0020
This paper
29
Walklets
0.6300 ±0.0060
This paper
30
Node2Vec
0.6220 ±0.0050
This paper
31
NetMF
0.6160 ±0.0020
This paper
32
DeepWalk
0.6030 ±0.0070
This paper
33
HOPE
0.5830 ±0.0020
This paper
34
LINE_2
0.5420 ±0.0060
This paper
35
MLP
0.5258 ±0.0197

PubMed

Global leaderboard →
Non-default metric. This paper reports F1; the dataset default is Accuracy. Values below use F1 only.

Sorted by F1. Highlighted rows are from other papers.

#ModelF1 ↑Paper
1
MixHop
0.8910 ±0.0010
This paper
2
APPNP
actual #2 vs paper #2
0.8840 ±0.0010
actual #2 vs paper #2
paper 0.8840 ±0.0010
paper 0.8840 ±0.0010 Δ at pub 0.0874
3
GCN
0.8750 ±0.0010
This paper
4
GAT
0.8690 ±0.0010
This paper
5
AANE
0.8670 ±0.0010
This paper
6
GraphSAGE
0.8640 ±0.0010
This paper
7
TADW
0.8620 ±0.0020
This paper
8
MUSAE
0.8530 ±0.0010
This paper
9
MUSAE-EGO
0.8510 ±0.0020
This paper
10
ASNE
0.8460 ±0.0020
This paper
11
ClusterGCN
0.8440 ±0.0010
This paper
12
TENE
0.8420 ±0.0010
This paper
13
AE-EGO
0.8400 ±0.0030
This paper
14
AE
0.8390 ±0.0020
This paper
15
BANE
0.8230 ±0.0020
This paper
16
Walklets
0.8150 ±0.0010
This paper
17
Node2Vec
0.8100 ±0.0020
This paper
19
SGCONV
0.8070 ±0.0010
This paper
21
DeepWalk
0.8020 ±0.0010
This paper
23
LINE2
0.7990 ±0.0010
This paper
29
GraRep
0.7840 ±0.0040
This paper
33
SAGE
0.7731 ±0.0059
34
NetMF
0.7730 ±0.0050
This paper
40
HOPE
0.7050 ±0.0030
This paper
41
MLP
0.6717 ±0.0091
SOTA performance (not significantly different from the best) Proposed method (this paper) Baseline / comparison (this paper) Global context (other papers) Best at pub — reported value improved over the best known when published