Multi-Scale Attributed Node Embedding
Abstract
We present network embedding algorithms that capture information about a node from the local distribution over node attributes around it, as observed over random walks following an approach similar to Skip-gram. Observations from neighborhoods of different sizes are either pooled (AE) or encoded distinctly in a multi-scale approach (MUSAE). Capturing attribute-neighborhood relationships over multiple scales is useful for a range of applications, including latent feature identification across disconnected networks with similar features. We prove theoretically that matrices of node-feature pointwise mutual information are implicitly factorized by the embeddings. Experiments show that our algorithms are computationally efficient and outperform comparable models on social networks and web graphs. node embedding, node classification, attributed network, dimensionality reduction.
Benchmark Results
Tested on 3 datasets Non-standard metric on 3 datasets
Tables show presented results in global context (best 3 papers + GCN + MLP).
Classic
Cora
Global leaderboard →Sorted by F1. Highlighted rows are from other papers.
| # | Model | F1 ↑ | Paper |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ACM-GCN | 0.8894
±0.0054 | |
| 2 | APPNP | 0.8880
±0.0010 | This paper |
| 3 | GraphSAGE | 0.8810
±0.0010 | This paper |
| 6 | GCN | 0.8790
±0.0010 | This paper |
| 7 | SGCONV | 0.8780
±0.0020 | This paper |
| 11 | GAT | 0.8670
±0.0020 | This paper |
| 13 | MixHop | 0.8590
±0.0010 | This paper |
| 14 | GIN | 0.8537
±0.0074 | |
| 17 | MUSAE-EGO | 0.8490
±0.0040 | This paper |
| 18 | MUSAE | 0.8480
±0.0040 | This paper |
| 19 | ClusterGCN | 0.8450
±0.0010 | This paper |
| 20 | Walklets | 0.8430
±0.0030 | This paper |
| 21 | Node2Vec | 0.8400
±0.0030 | This paper |
| 22 | AE | 0.8350
±0.0050 | This paper |
| 23 | AE-EGO | 0.8350
±0.0060 | This paper |
| 24 | DeepWalk | 0.8330
±0.0040 | This paper |
| 25 | ASNE | 0.8300
±0.0030 | This paper |
| 26 | TENE | 0.8290
±0.0050 | This paper |
| 28 | TADW | 0.8190
±0.0040 | This paper |
| 30 | BANE | 0.8070
±0.0050 | This paper |
| 37 | AANE | 0.7930
±0.0010 | This paper |
| 38 | LINE2 | 0.7770
±0.0040 | This paper |
| 39 | NetMF | 0.7480
±0.0020 | This paper |
| 40 | GraRep | 0.7320
±0.0020 | This paper |
| 41 | HOPE | 0.7160
±0.0020 | This paper |
| 43 | MLP | 0.6570
±0.0190 |
CiteSeer
Global leaderboard →Sorted by F1. Highlighted rows are from other papers.
| # | Model | F1 ↑ | Paper |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | MixHop | 0.7800
±0.0010 | This paper |
| 2 | SGCONV | 0.7630
±0.0020 | This paper |
| 3 | APPNP | 0.7540
±0.0010 | This paper |
| 4 | GraphSAGE | 0.7470
±0.0010 | This paper |
| 5 | GAT | 0.7460
±0.0060 best reported | best today: Graph Unlearning (2021) Difference within reported uncertainty; not counted as underperformance. |
| 8 | MUSAE | 0.7420
±0.0040 | This paper |
| 7 | GCN | 0.7420
±0.0010 | This paper |
| 9 | MUSAE-EGO | 0.7410
±0.0040 | This paper |
| 11 | AE | 0.7390
±0.0050 | This paper |
| 12 | AE-EGO | 0.7390
±0.0050 | This paper |
| 10 | GIN | 0.7390
±0.0200 | |
| 13 | ClusterGCN | 0.7370
±0.0010 | This paper |
| 14 | TADW | 0.7340
±0.0040 | This paper |
| 15 | AANE | 0.7330
±0.0040 | This paper |
| 17 | ASNE | 0.7180
±0.0040 | This paper |
| 19 | BANE | 0.7130
±0.0030 | This paper |
| 25 | TENE | 0.6810
±0.0030 | This paper |
| 28 | GraRep | 0.6370
±0.0020 | This paper |
| 29 | Walklets | 0.6300
±0.0060 | This paper |
| 30 | Node2Vec | 0.6220
±0.0050 | This paper |
| 31 | NetMF | 0.6160
±0.0020 | This paper |
| 32 | DeepWalk | 0.6030
±0.0070 | This paper |
| 33 | HOPE | 0.5830
±0.0020 | This paper |
| 34 | LINE_2 | 0.5420
±0.0060 | This paper |
| 35 | MLP | 0.5258
±0.0197 |
PubMed
Global leaderboard →Sorted by F1. Highlighted rows are from other papers.
| # | Model | F1 ↑ | Paper |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | MixHop | 0.8910
±0.0010 | This paper |
| 2 | APPNP | 0.8840
±0.0010 | prev best: Predict then Propagate: Graph Neural Networks meet Personalized PageRank (ICLR 2018) |
| 3 | GCN | 0.8750
±0.0010 | This paper |
| 4 | GAT | 0.8690
±0.0010 | This paper |
| 5 | AANE | 0.8670
±0.0010 | This paper |
| 6 | GraphSAGE | 0.8640
±0.0010 | This paper |
| 7 | TADW | 0.8620
±0.0020 | This paper |
| 8 | MUSAE | 0.8530
±0.0010 | This paper |
| 9 | MUSAE-EGO | 0.8510
±0.0020 | This paper |
| 10 | ASNE | 0.8460
±0.0020 | This paper |
| 11 | ClusterGCN | 0.8440
±0.0010 | This paper |
| 12 | TENE | 0.8420
±0.0010 | This paper |
| 13 | AE-EGO | 0.8400
±0.0030 | This paper |
| 14 | AE | 0.8390
±0.0020 | This paper |
| 15 | BANE | 0.8230
±0.0020 | This paper |
| 16 | Walklets | 0.8150
±0.0010 | This paper |
| 17 | Node2Vec | 0.8100
±0.0020 | This paper |
| 19 | SGCONV | 0.8070
±0.0010 | This paper |
| 21 | DeepWalk | 0.8020
±0.0010 | This paper |
| 23 | LINE2 | 0.7990
±0.0010 | This paper |
| 29 | GraRep | 0.7840
±0.0040 | This paper |
| 33 | SAGE | 0.7731
±0.0059 | |
| 34 | NetMF | 0.7730
±0.0050 | This paper |
| 40 | HOPE | 0.7050
±0.0030 | This paper |
| 41 | MLP | 0.6717
±0.0091 |
