Alternately Optimized Graph Neural Networks
Abstract
Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have greatly advanced the semi-supervised node classification task on graphs. The majority of existing GNNs are trained in an end-to-end manner that can be viewed as tackling a bi-level optimization problem. This process is often inefficient in computation and memory usage. In this work, we propose a new optimization framework for semi-supervised learning on graphs. The proposed framework can be conveniently solved by the alternating optimization algorithms, resulting in significantly improved efficiency. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve comparable or better performance with state-of-the-art baselines while it has significantly better computation and memory efficiency.
Benchmark Results
Tested on 4 datasets 15 baseline values reported too low
Tables show presented results in global context (best 3 papers + GCN + MLP).
Classic
| # | Model | Accuracy ↑ | Paper |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | GraphTARIF | 0.9703
±0.0019 | |
| 2 | GAT | 0.9669
±0.0014 best reported | best at pub: Learning Graph Augmentations to Learn Graph Representations (2022) |
| 3 | GAT+T | 0.9660
±0.0007 | |
| 7 | SAGE | 0.9643
±0.0027 | |
| 8 | GCN | 0.9632
±0.0008 best reported | best at pub: Graph Contrastive Learning with Adaptive Augmentation (WWW 2020) |
| 21 | APPNP | 0.9573
±0.0012 best reported | |
| 50 | SGC | 0.9511
±0.0009 best reported | best at pub: ROD: Reception-aware Online Distillation for Sparse Graphs (KDD 2021) |
| 363 | SIGN | 0.9170
±0.0070 best reported | best at pub: ROD: Reception-aware Online Distillation for Sparse Graphs (KDD 2021) |
| 390 | MLP | 0.9128
±0.0063 | |
| 394 | ALT-OPT | 0.9123
±0.0126 | This paper |
| 509 | C&S | 0.8487
±0.0104 | This paper |
| # | Model | Accuracy ↑ | Paper |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | GraphTARIF | 0.9461
±0.0017 | |
| 2 | GCN | 0.9412
±0.0008 best reported | best at pub: Learning on Attribute-Missing Graphs (2020) |
| 3 | GAT | 0.9398
±0.0022 best reported | best at pub: Graph Contrastive Learning with Adaptive Augmentation (WWW 2020) |
| 8 | SAGE | 0.9351
±0.0006 | |
| 58 | APPNP | 0.9093
±0.0018 best reported | best at pub: A Unified View on Graph Neural Networks as Graph Signal Denoising (2020) |
| 82 | SGC | 0.9022
±0.0021 best reported | |
| 320 | MLP | 0.8463 | |
| 378 | SIGN | 0.8310
±0.0080 best reported | best at pub: ROD: Reception-aware Online Distillation for Sparse Graphs (KDD 2021) |
| 434 | ALT-OPT | 0.7912
±0.0250 | This paper |
| 461 | C&S | 0.7325
±0.0209 | This paper |
OGB
| # | Model | Accuracy ↑ | Paper |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Jacobi | 0.8968 | |
| 2 | GPR | 0.8953 | |
| 3 | LEMP4HG | 0.8939 | |
| 4 | SAGE | 0.8933 | |
| 6 | GCN | 0.8868 best reported | best at pub: PaSca: a Graph Neural Architecture Search System under the Scalable Paradigm (WWW 2022) |
| 29 | APPNP | 0.8634 best reported | best at pub: PaSca: a Graph Neural Architecture Search System under the Scalable Paradigm (WWW 2022) |
| 41 | C&S | 0.8511
±0.0007 best reported | best today: A Comprehensive Study on Large-Scale Graph Training: Benchmarking and Rethinking (NeurIPS 2022) |
| 77 | SIGN | 0.8310
±0.0080 best reported | best at pub: PaSca: a Graph Neural Architecture Search System under the Scalable Paradigm (WWW 2022) |
| 84 | ALT-OPT | 0.8264
±0.0021 | This paper |
| 94 | SGC | 0.8220
±0.0090 best reported | best at pub: PaSca: a Graph Neural Architecture Search System under the Scalable Paradigm (WWW 2022) |
| 351 | MLP | 0.6605
±0.0020 |
